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Autistic Savants and the Size Congruity Effect: the Anomalous Case of a Calculating Prodigy
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| 篇 名 | Autistic Savants and the Size Congruity Effect: the Anomalous Case of a Calculating Prodigy |
| 作者/編譯者 | Tsai‚Chia-Chin Yang‚Tsung-Ren Lee‚Jun-Ren |
| 刊 名 | Bulletin Of Special Education |
| 出版年/月 | 2007-3 |
| 卷 數 | 1678 |
| 期 數 | 26794 |
| 頁 次 | 143 |
| 出版單位 | DEPARTMENT OF SPECIAL EDUCATION‚ NTNU |
| 類 別 | |
| 摘 要 | In the present study‚ we adopted a Stroop number task and used the size congruity effect as an index to investigate an autistic person (DJ)‚ a calculating prodigy with a genius for numerical representations and related mechanisms. The size congruity effect results from the interference of numerical and physical size when two digital numbers are compared. Reaction time is faster in the congruent condition‚ for example‚ i.e.‚ the numerical larger number is also larger in physical size‚ as compared to that in the incongruent condition‚ i.e.‚ the numerically larger number is smaller in physical size. As this congruency effect holds for both physical and numerical comparison‚ it allows us to segregate the numerical and physical representations in-between and to examine their automaticity in information processing. According to our results‚ DJ showed a similar pattern for both numerical and physical comparison tasks. While DJ showed a larger facilitation and interference effect on the numerical judgment task‚ he suffered from greater interference yet didn’t benefit from congruency on the physical judgment task. Although this data contradicts the expectations of traditional automaticity theory‚ neither the inhibition malfunction hypothesis nor the representation segregation hypothesis can piece together the whole story of DJ’s prodigious talent in calculating. Keywords: autism‚ autistic savant‚ calculating prodigy‚ size congruity effect‚ Stroop number task‚ savant syndrome‚ magnitude representation‚ numerical-physical (in) congruency |
